Economic Upgrading Within Global Value Chains Carries Risks: A Case Study of Thailand

2025/92

Author: Wannaphong Durongkaveroj

Published: 19 November 2025

 

Since the 1990s, international trade has been powered by cross-border dispersion of production processes within vertically integrated global industries, which I label ‘global production sharing’ in this paper. This phenomenon is driven by improvements in production technology, innovations in transportation and communication, and trade liberalisation. Firms in different locations specialise in specific tasks/activities within the production process of a given product. The collection of all value-added activities involved in production across countries constitutes global value chains (GVCs).

 

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