Authors:  Eugene R.L. Tan & Lye Liang Fook

ISEAS Perspective 2025/22, 17 March 2025

In April 2024, French President Emmanuel Macron renewed his call on the EU to exercise its strategic autonomy in various areas so that the bloc can show that it “knows how to talk to other regions of the world” and demonstrate that “it is never a vassal of the United States”. Macron’s pronouncement is the latest in a longstanding debate in Europe about its “strategic autonomy” vis-à-vis Washington.

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