Author: Surachanee “Hammerli” Sriyai
Published: ISEAS Perspective 2025/104
Date: 16 December 2025
Southeast Asia has emerged as a significant hotspot in the global cyber threat landscape. The convergence of geopolitical frictions, rapid digitalisation, and fragmented cyber governance has rendered the region highly susceptible to a spectrum of cyber operations. These operations range from state-sponsored espionage campaigns to hacktivist-led disruptive attacks exploiting the inherent anonymity and attribution challenges within cyberspace. While cyber incidents are a global phenomenon, Southeast Asia presents a distinct profile compared to other regions such as Europe, North America, and the Middle East. The region’s geopolitical frictions, institutional fragmentation, and rapid digital growth have turned it into a strategic theatre for cyber operations, revealing persistent vulnerabilities that both state and non-state actors continue to exploit with increasing frequency and sophistication.
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