Published: 7 October 2024

NIICE

Commentary 9653

Author: Abhinav Dhakal

The South China Sea, a semi-enclosed body of water in the western Pacific Ocean, spans over 3.5 million square kilometers. Bordered by China to the north, the Philippines to the east, Vietnam to the west, and Malaysia, Brunei, Singapore, and Indonesia to the south, this vast expanse represents far more than just a geographical feature. It is a hotspot of geopolitical rivalry and economic significance, hosting over one-third of global maritime traffic—a trade route valued at more than USD 3 trillion annually. Moreover, the South China Sea has untapped reserves of oil and natural gas and provides approximately 12 percent of the world’s total fish catch. This rich marine ecosystem plays a vital role in supporting the livelihoods of millions in the region, underscoring the sea’s critical importance as both a resource and a focal point of international interest.

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